The Relationship Between Vitamin D and Urinary Stones in Children Under 18 years of Age in Shohada-ye-Kargar Hospital in Yazd 2018-2019

Introduction: Due to the increasing prevalence of kidney stones in children in recent decades and the increasing public health burden and worrying complications of kidney stones in these ages and the significant relationship between levels of  1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and plasma calcium, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D level on kidney stones in children under 18 years of age. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 60 children, 30 of whom had kidney stones as a case group and 30 healthy children (without kidney stones) as a control group. Patient information including demographic information, history and results of necessary tests were extracted from patients' files and the necessary items were entered into a pre-designed checklist. Data were collected and analysed in SPSS software version 17. Results: The mean of vitamin D, serum calcium and urinary calcium in patients were 48.56 ± 20.06, 9.65 ± 0.65 and 102.59 ± 28.56  mg / dl, respectively. In terms of gender distribution, 58.7% of patients (n=27) were boys and 41.3% (n=19) were girls. In terms of stone material distribution, 52.5% of patients (n=24) had oxalate stones, 26.1% of patients (n=12) had phosphate stones and 21.7% (n=10) had uric stones. Regarding symptoms, 15.2% (n=7) of patients had pain, 10.9% (n=5) of patients had hematuria and 73.9% (n=34) were asymptomatic. There was a significant inverse correlation between serum calcium and vitamin D levels (P = 0.014). Conclusion: According to this study, urinary tract stones were more common in boys under 18 years of age. Vitamin D, urinary calcium and serum levels, also being a girl or a boy are not related to the material of the stone.